Middle Arsenal Tower

This tower was built in 1495 under the direction of Alevis Novi, who, after the death of his fellow countryman Pietro Antonio Solari, built the whole of the north-western section of the Kremlin walls with the exception of the Corner Arsenal Tower. In the foreground is a grot to built to the design of the architect Osip I.Bove in 1820-1821. Behind the fortress wall is the Arsenal. The height of the tower is 38.9 metres (128 ft).