Pump Tower

The corner tower, built in 1488, is situated upstream of the Moskva River atthe mouth of the Neglinnaya River. Sinceit stood near the household of the prominent Sviblov boyars, it was originallycalled Sviblov Tower. Later, in 1632, a water pump was installed whichpumped the water of the Neglinnaya River through lead pipes to the upperKremlin Gardens. This was Moscow's first water conduit, and since thattime the tower itself has been called the Pump (Vodovzvodnaya) Tower. Thetower was built in 1488 by Anton Fryazin. The tent roof was added in the1680s. The tower was badly damaged in 1812 when the French tried to blowit up, but it was rebuilt in 1817 by OsipI.Bove. The ruby star was installed in 1937. The height of thetower (including the star) is 61.25 m (202 ft).